II-3

类别:文学名著 作者:托马斯·潘恩 本章:II-3

    2.3  tS ON t StAtE OF AMERICAN AFFAIRS

    In ts, plain arguments, and common sense; and o settle   o determine for t  ON, or rat  put OFF true cer of a man, and generously enlarge  day.

    Volumes ten on t of truggle bet motives, and  all ual, and te is closed.  Arms, as t resource, decide test; tinent ed the challenge.

    It ed of te Mr. Peler   s) t on tacked in t emporary kind, replied quot;t MY tIME.quot; S so fatal and unmanly possess t contest, tors ure generations estation.

    ter is not ty, a county, a province, or a kingdom, but of a continent - of at least one eig of table globe.

    tis not terity are virtually involved in test, and ed, even to time, by the proceedings now.

    Noime of continental union, faith and honour.

    t fracture no of a pin on tender rind of a young oak; tree, and posterity read it in full grown cers.

    By referring tter from argument to arms, a neics is struck; a neh arisen.

    All plans, proposals, amp;c.  prior to teento t of ilities, are like t year; es on eition terminated in one and t.  viz.  a union -Britain: ties ing it; t it  t hdrawn her influence.

    As mucages of reconciliation  is but rig , and inquire into some of terial injuries ain, by being connected  on Great Britain: to examine t connection and dependence, on ture and common sense, to see rust to, if separated, and o expect, if dependant.

    I  asserted by some, t as America ion  Britain t tion is necessary towards ure .

    Not.

    e may as  t because a c it is never to , or t t ty years of our lives is to become a precedent for t ty.

    But even tting more true, for I ans America  om of Europe.

    But sected us, say some.  t srue, and defended tinent at our expense as ed, and surkey from tive, viz.  trade and dominion.

    Alas, o superstition.  e ed tection of Great Britain,  considering, t ive ERESt not AttAC; t s protect us from OUR ENEMIES on OUR ACCOUNt, but from , from t, and w.

    Let Britain o tinent, or tinent t peace  ain.

    t  connections.

    It ely been asserted in parliament, t tion to eac t country, i.  e.  t Pennsylvania and t, are sister colonies by tainly a very round-about ions it is t and only true way of proving enemys.

    France and Spain never s of GREAt BRItAIN.

    But Britain is t country, say some.  t.  Even brutes do not devour tion, if true, turns to  it  to be true, or only partly so and t or MOtRY ically adopted by tes, ical design of gaining an unfair bias on t England, is t country of America.  ted lovers of civil and religious liberty from EVERY PARt of Europe.   from tender embraces of t from ty of ter; and it is so far true of England, t tyranny s from s still.

    In tensive quarter of t ts of ty miles (tent of England) and carry our friendsian, and triumpy of timent.

    It is pleasant to observe by ions  tance oo parisurally associate most erests in many cases inguis  a fe, and salutes ONSMAN; if ravel out of ty, and meet s treet and toRYMAN; but if in te in France or any ot of EUROPE, to t of ENGLIS parity of reasoning, all Europeans meeting in America, or any oter of tRYMEN; for England, and in treet, toy do on tinctions too limited for continental minds.  Not one tants, even of t.

    e t or motry applied to England only, as being false, selfish, narrow and ungenerous.

    But admitting, t  amount to?  Notain, being noinguisitle:  And to say t reconciliation is our duty, is truly farcical.  t king of England, of t line (illiam ts from try; t to be governed by France.

    Muced strengtain and t in conjunction t bid defiance to t tion; te of ain, neitinent self to be drained of inants, to support tisher Asia, Africa, or Europe.

    Besides ting t defiance? Our plan is commerce, and t, tended to,  is terest of all Europe to .  rade ection, and her barrenness of gold and silver secure her from invaders.

    I c advocate for reconciliation, to sage t tinent can reap, by being connected  Britain.  I repeat t a single advantage is derived.  Our corn cs price in any market in Europe, and our imported goods must be paid for, buy them where we will.

    But tages ain by t connection, are  number; and our duty to mankind at large, as o ourselves, instruct us to renounce to, or dependence on Great Britain, tends directly to involve tinent in European s us at variance ions,  for trade, ial connection  of it.

    It is true interest of America to steer clear of European contentions, isics.

    Europe is too ted o be long at peace, and rade of America goes to ruin, BECAUSE OF ION Ith ENGLAND.

    t  turn out like t, and s not, tes for reconciliation norality in t case, han a man of war.

    Every t is rigural pleads for separation.  ture cries, tIS tIME tO PARt.

    Even tance at ural proof, t ty of time like  , and t .  tion y graciously meant to open a sanctuary to ted in future years, wy.

    ty of Great Britain over tinent, is a form of government,  rue pleasure by looking forive conviction, t  constitutionquot; is merely temporary.  As parents,  is not sufficiently lasting to ensure any to posterity: And by a plain met, as  generation into debt, , otifully.  In order to discover ty rigake our cation a feo life; t eminence  a prospect, .

    t I am inclined to believe, t all trine of reconciliation, may be included ions.

    Interested men, o be trusted; ain set of moderate men,  deserves; and t class, by an ill-judged deliberation, ies to tinent, three.

    It is tune of many to live distant from t sufficient brougo to make ty is possessed.

    But let our imaginations transport us far a fes to Boston, t seat of ceacruct us for ever to renounce a po.

    tants of t unfortunate city, ernative to stay and starve, or turn and beg.  Endangered by tinue y, and plundered by t.  In t condition t tion, and in a general attack for to th armies.

    Men of passive tempers look someill , are apt to call out, quot;COME, COME, E S; But examine trine of reconciliation to toucone of nature, and tell me,  do all terity.  Your future connection ain,  convenience, tle time fall into a relapse more c.

    But if you say, you can still pass tions over, t? y been destroyed before your face! Are your ute of a bed to lie on, or bread to live on?  a parent or a cc, t a judge of t if you ill can sever may be your rank or title in life, you  of a co of a sycop.

    t inflaming or exaggerating matters, but trying tions ifies, and  ies of it.

    I mean not to ex  to aal and unmanly slumbers, t erminately some fixed object.  It is not in tain or of Europe to conquer America, if s conquer IMIDItY.  t er is ly employed, but if lost or neglected, tinent ake of tune; and t  deserve, be , or he means of sacrificing a season so precious and useful.

    It is repugnant to reason, to to all examples from former ages, to suppose, t tinent can longer remain subject to any external power.

    t sanguine in Britain does not tmost stretc, at time, compass a plan s of separation,  even a years security.  Reconciliation is NO a fallacious dream.

    Nature ed tion, and Art cannot supply on ;never can true reconcilement gro metual.  Our prayers ed ended to convince us, t notters vanity, or confirms obstinacy in Kings more ted petitioning-and notributed more t very measure to make te: itness Denmark and S us come to a final separation, and not leave t generation to be cutting ts, under ted unmeaning names of parent and child.

    to say, ttempt it again is idle and visionary,  so at tamp-act, yet a year or t nations, he quarrel.

    As to government matters, it is not in tain to do tinent justice:  t oo e, to be managed olerable degree of convenience, by a poant from us, and so very ignorant of us; for if t conquer us, t govern us.  to be alale or a petition, ing four or five montained requires five or six more to explain it in, ime for it to cease.

    Small islands not capable of protecting ts for kingdoms to take under t tinent to be perpetually governed by an island.  In no instance ure made tellite larger ts primary planet, and as England and America,  to eacure, it is evident to different systems; England to Europe, America to itself.

    I am not induced by motives of pride, party, or resentment to espouse trine of separation and independance; I am clearly, positively, and conscientiously persuaded t it is true interest of tinent to be so; t every t of t is mere patc it can afford no lasting felicity, --t it is leaving to our c a time, tle fartinent th.

    As Britain  manifested t inclination to no terms can be obtained ance of tinent, or any o treasure o.

    t, contended for, ougo bear some just proportion to testable junto, is a matter unemporary stoppage of trade, s complained of, ained;  if tinent must take up arms, if every man must be a soldier, it is scarcely o fig a contemptible ministry only.

    Dearly, dearly, do s, if t is all imation, it is as great a folly to pay a Bunker-inent, as an event,  arrive, so from te rapid progress of tinent to maturity, t could not be far off.   of ilities, it  o ed a matter, o be in earnest; ot is like ing an estate on a suit at lao regulate trespasses of a tenant, al nineteent t t of t day ed tempered Pc ended title of FAter, and composedly sleep heir blood upon his soul.

    But admitting t matters ? I ansinent.  And t for several reasons.

    FIRSt.  till remaining in tive over tion of tinent.  And as erate enemy to liberty.  and discovered suc for arbitrary poo say to t;YOU S  I PLEASE. And is tant in America so ignorant as not to kno according to  CONStItUtION, t tinent can make no la o; and is t to see, t (considering  of lating to laws made for us in England.

    After matters are made up (as it is called) can t, but ted, to keep tinent as loitioning.

    --E are already greater to be, and o make us less?  to bring tter to one point.

    Is ty, a proper poo govern us? o tion, is an INDEPENDANt, for independancy means no more, test enemy tinent ell us quot;t SUC;  But tive in England; t .  In point of rig a youty-one ( act of yours to be law.

    But in t of reply, to expose ty of it, and only ans England being t so, makes quite anotive en times more dangerous and fatal t can be in England, for t to a bill for putting England into as strong a state of defense as possible, and in America o be passed.

    America is only a secondary object in tem of Britisics, England consults try, no fart ans leads o suppress t promote age, or in t interferes .  A pretty state eration of a name: And in order to s reconciliation norine, I affirm, t It OULD BE POLICY IN t tIME, tO REPEAL tS FOR tAtING  OF t  AND SUBtLEtY, IN t  DO BY FORCE AND VIOLENCE IN t ONE.

    Reconciliation and ruin are nearly related.

    SECONDLY.  t as even t terms, o obtain, can amount to no more temporary expedient, or a kind of government by guardians no longer till tate of terim, tled and unpromising.  Emigrants of property  co come to a country ottering on tion and disturbance; and numbers of t inants o dispense of ts, and quit tinent.

    But t pos, is, t not independence, i.e.  a continental form of government, can keep tinent and preserve it inviolate from civil  of a reconciliation ain no is more t it  someain.

    tisy; (te) ty, o its service, and o lose, temper of tois,  of a yout of ime; ttle about her.

    And a government  at all, and in t case  is it t Britain can do,  break out ter reconciliation!  I  t t it would produce civil wars.

    It is but seldom t our first ts are truly correct, and t is ten times more to dread from a patcion test, t royed, and my circumstances ruined, t as man, sensible of injuries, I could never relisrine of reconciliation, or consider myself bound thereby.

    ted suc of good order and obedience to continental government, as is sufficient to make every reasonable person easy and   pretence for ruly c one colony riving for superiority over another.

    inctions ty, perfect equality affords no temptation.  tzerland are  ic:  Monarcs, it is true, are never long at rest; tself is a temptation to enterprising ruffians at  degree of pride and insolence ever attendant on regal auty, so a rupture ances, ural principles, iate take.

    If true cause of fear respecting independence, it is because no plan is yet laid do see t-- o t business, I offer ts; at time modestly affirming, t I  to sometter.  Could traggling ts of individuals be collected, tly form materials for o improve into useful matter.

    LEt t only.

    tation more equal.  tic, and subject to ty of a Continental Congress.

    Let eaco six, eigen, convenient districts, eacrict to send a proper number of delegates to Congress, so t eac least ty.  t least 390.  Eaco sit and to c by tes are met, let a colony be taken from teen colonies by lot, after ) a president from out of tes of t province.

    In t Congress, let a colony be taken by lot from tting t colony from aken in till teen sation.

    And in order t noto a la isfactorily just not less to be called a majority--  e discord, under a government so equally formed as t.

    But as t manner, t first arise, and as it seems most agreeable and consistent, t it sermediate body bet is, bet a CONtINENtAL CONFERENCE be he following purpose.

    A committee of ty-six members of Congress, viz.  two for each colony.

    tatives of t large, to be cal city or totend from all parts of t purpose; or, if more convenient, tatives may be c populous parts ted, tions, by ional concerns, ruly legal auty.

    t, let to frame a CONtINENtAL CER, Or Cer of ted Colonies; (anso a of England) fixing te of sitting, and draion bet our strengtinental, not provincial:)  Securing freedom and property to all men, and above all to tates of conscience; ter as is necessary for a cer to contain.  Immediately after o ter, to be tors and governors of tinent for time being: hose peace and happiness may God preserve, Amen.

    Ser delegated for tracts or t s DRAGONEttI.

    quot;t; says ;of tician consists in fixing true point of happiness and freedom.

    titude of ages,  contained test sum of individual  national expense.  [Dragonetti on virtue and re well you.

    Friend,  make e of Britain.  Yet t  appear to be defective even in eart a day be solemnly set apart for proclaiming ter; let it be broug a cro so far e governments tries t to be King; and t to be no ot lest any ill use ser t ttered among t it is.

    A government of our oural rigs on t it is infinitely o form a constitution of our oe manner, o trust suceresting event to time and chance.

    If  it noer spiriting up rymen in tplace, against to ed to revolt, and in ter arise,  togete and tented, and by assuming to t, may sies of tinent like a deluge.  S of America return again into tain, tottering situation of temptation for some desperate adventurer to try une; and in suc relief can Britain give? Ere sal business migcons under t oppose independence no o eternal tyranny, by keeping vacant t of government.  tens of t glorious to expel from tinent t barbarous and irred up to destroy us; ty , it is dealing brutally by us, and treachem.

    to talk of friendso ions ruct us to detest, is madness and folly.  Every day  ttle remains of kindred beto  as tionsion  er, imes more and greater concerns to quarrel over t tell us of ion, can ye restore to us time t is past?  Can ye give to prostitution its former innocence? Neitain and America.  t cord noing addresses against us.

    ture cannot forgive; so be nature if sress, as tinent forgive tain.  ty ed in us tinguishable feelings for good and wise purposes.

    ts.  tinguis ice be extirpated tence o toucion.  ten escape unpunis tempers sustain, provoke us into justice.

    O ye t love mankind!  Ye t dare oppose, not only tyranny, but tyrant, stand fort of ted round tranger, and England o depart.  O! receive tive, and prepare in time an asylum for mankind.


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